MODULE III INTERNET BASED PROGRAMMING July 2022

2021/2022 INTERNET BASED PROGRAMMING THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL DIPLOMA IN INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY MODULE III INTERNET BASED PROGRAMMING July 2022
Time: 3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
This paper consists of EIGHT questions.
Answer ANY FIVE of the EIGHT questions in the answer booklet provided.
Candidates should answer the questions in English.

This paper consists of 5 printed pages.
Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
©2022 The Kenya National Examinations Council
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1.
(a) Explain the function of each of the following protocols in the Internet:
(i) File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
(ii) Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)
(iii) Gopher
(6 marks)

Answer: (i) FTP: Allows the transfer of files between computers on a network.
(ii) NNTP: Used to distribute, query, post, and retrieve news articles using Usenet newsgroups.
(iii) Gopher: An early protocol for retrieving and displaying documents in a hierarchical system.

(b) When Anne downloaded a file from the Internet, she noticed that the file had a ZIP extension.
(i) Explain how files are downloaded.
(ii) Explain why the downloaded file had a ZIP extension.
(6 marks)

Answer:
(i) Files are downloaded by clicking on a link or using a download manager, and the file is transferred from the web server to the user’s device.
(ii) The ZIP extension indicates that the file is compressed to reduce its size for faster download.

Answer:
The address bar is a text box in a web browser where the URL is entered, while a data frame is a section of the browser window that displays a web page’s content.

(d) Describe three types of files that may be used for images during the development of a website.
(6 marks)

Answer:
(i) JPEG: A widely used compressed image format suitable for photographs.
(ii) PNG: Supports transparency and lossless compression.
(iii) GIF: Supports simple animations and limited color palettes.

2.
(a) Outline four attributes that may be used with in HTML.
(8 marks)

Answer:
(i) src: Specifies the path to the image file.
(ii) alt: Provides alternative text for the image if it cannot be displayed.
(iii) width: Sets the width of the image.
(iv) height: Sets the height of the image.

(b) Marlene has been asked to include graphic objects when interacting with advertising tools.
(i) Explain the function of the graphic objects.
(2 marks)

Answer:
Graphic objects, such as banners and icons, attract attention and help to visually convey the message of the advertisement.

(ii) List four examples of the graphic objects that she is likely to apply.
(4 marks)

Answer:
(i) Banners
(ii) Icons
(iii) Buttons
(iv) Logos

Answer:
(i) Web hosting: The service of providing storage space and access for websites on the Internet.
(ii) Crawling: The process by which search engines index web content by systematically browsing the web.

(d) Distinguish between each of the following terms as used in the Internet:
(i) online chat and email
(ii) digital certificate and domain name
(4 marks)

Answer:
(i) Online chat is a real-time communication tool, while email involves sending and receiving messages asynchronously.
(ii) A digital certificate is used to verify the identity of a website or user, while a domain name is the address used to access a website.

3.
(a) Outline four factors that an individual is likely to consider before designing a website for a client.
(8 marks)

Answer:
(i) The client’s target audience
(ii) The purpose and goals of the website
(iii) The type of content to be included
(iv) The design preferences and branding

(b) Using the browser window labeled Figure 1, distinguish between a partial web page and a saved web page as used in the Internet.
(4 marks)

Answer:
A partial web page is only part of a web page that may be loaded or displayed dynamically, while a saved web page is a complete web page saved on the user’s device.

(Figure 1 omitted)

(c) Explain the function of each of the following features indicated in Figure 1.
(i) arrow
(ii) search engine bar
(iii) bookmark button
(6 marks)

Answer:
(i) The arrow is used to navigate backward or forward through web pages.
(ii) The search engine bar allows the user to search the web directly from the browser.
(iii) The bookmark button is used to save a web page for quick access later.

4.
(a) Identify two reasons why web designers may need to update their website content frequently.
(6 marks)

Answer:
(i) To keep information relevant and up to date.
(ii) To improve search engine ranking and SEO.

(b) Explain three security measures that a web designer may implement to enhance information security on a web page.
(6 marks)

Answer:
(i) Using SSL encryption to protect data during transmission.
(ii) Implementing firewalls to prevent unauthorized access.
(iii) Enforcing strong passwords for user accounts.

(c) Explain the function of each of the following features in a web authoring tool:
(i) hyperlink
(ii) layers
(iii) layout
(6 marks)

Answer:
(i) A hyperlink connects one web page to another.
(ii) Layers help organize content on a web page by separating elements.
(iii) Layout defines the structure and arrangement of elements on a web page.

5.
(a) To enhance the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information in a website, organizations use security controls to enforce information security controls.
Describe three security controls used on websites.
(9 marks)

Answer:
(i) Access control: Limits access to sensitive areas of the website to authorized users only.
(ii) Data encryption: Secures data during transfer or storage by converting it into unreadable code.
(iii) Regular backups: Ensures that data can be restored in case of a security breach or loss.

(b) Write a HTML code that would display the following form when run on a web browser.

html
Copy code

(8 marks)

6.
(a) Explain the function of each of the following statements as used in HTML forms:
(i)
(ii) creates a single-line text input field.
(ii)